Press Release
WarRin Protocol: A point-to-point anonymous privacy communication system
Dr.WarRin
Summary
This white paper provides an explanation of the WarRin protocol and related blockchain, point-to-point, network value, transport protocol, and encryption algorithms. The limited space will highlight the WRC allocation scheme and purpose of the WarRin Protocol Token, which is important for achieving the WRC’s stated objectives. This white paper is for informational purposes only and is not a promise of final implementation details. Some details may change during the development and testing phases.
1. Introduction
Traditional centralized communication systems such as WeChat,WhatsApp, FacebookMessage,Google Allo,Skype face a range of problems, including government surveillance, privacy breaches, and inadequate security, and the WarRin protocol proposes apoint-to-pointencrypted communications system that leveragesblockchain technology, combined with Double Ratc het algorithms, pre-keys, and extended X3DH handshakes. The WarRin Protocol uses The Generalized Directional Acyclic Graph and Curve25519,AES-256, and HMAC-SHA256 as the pronamor, allowing each account to have its own unique account chain, providing unlimited instant communication between points and unlimited scalability, anonymity, integrity, consistency, and asynchronousness.
2. WarRin Protocol communication system
2.1 Two types of communication
The Waring Protocol communication system divides chat channels into two types.
Two modes of communication
- General Chat mode: Using point-to-point encrypted communication, the service side has access to the key and can log in via multiple devices.
- Secret Chat mode: Encrypted communication using point-to-point can only be accessed through two specific devices.
The design combines some of the advantages of raiBlocks multi-chain construction with IOTA/Byteball DAG, which we call the Waring protocol. With improvements, we have given the WarRin protocol greater throughput and faster processing power while ensuring the security of the ledger, and network nodes can store the ledger in less space and search their communications accounts quickly in the ledger. When two users communicate, third parties contain content that neither manager can access. When a user is chatting in secret, the message contains multimedia that can be designated as a self-destruct message, and when the message is read by the user, the message is automatically destroyed within the specified time. Once the message expires, it disappears on the user’s device.
2.2 How chat history is encrypted
2.2.1 MTProto Transport Protocol
MTProto transport protocol
The WarRin communication system draws on RaiBlocks’ multi-chain structure for point-to-point communication. Each account has its own chain that records the sending and receiving behavior of the account. For example, in Figure 1, there are 7 accounts, each with 7 chain records of the account sending and receiving communications. On the graph, horizontal coordinates represent the timeline, and portrait coordinates represent the index of the account.
Transferring information from one account to another requires two transactions: one to send a communication from the sender’s transfer content, and one to receive information to add that content to the content of the receiving account. Whether in a send-side account or a receiving account, a PoW proof of work with the previous communication content Hash is required to add new communications to the account. In the account chain, poWwork proves to be an anti-spam communication tool that can be done in seconds. In a single account chain, the Hash field of the previous block is known to pre-generate the PoW required for subsequent blocks. Therefore, as long as the time between the two communications is greater than the time required to generate the PoW, the user’s transaction will be completed instantaneously.
In such a design, only the receiving end of the communication is required for settlement. The receiving end places the received communication signature on the account chain, which is called accepted communication. Once accepted, the receiving end then broadcasts the communication to the ledger of the other nodes. However, there may be situations where the receiving end is not online or is subject to a DoS attack, which prevents the receiving end from putting the receiving side communication on the account chain, which we call uncommoted transactions. The X symbol in Figure 1 represents an open transaction sent from Account 2 to Account 5.
Obviously, because only the sending and receiving sides of the communication are required to settle, such communication is very lightweight, all traffic can be transmitted in a UDP package and processed very quickly. At the same time, all communications in an account are kept in one chain, with great integrity, and the ledger can be trimmed to a minimum. Some nodes are not interested in spending resources to store the full communication history of the account; They are only interested in the current communications for each account. When an account communicates, its accumulated information is encoded, and these nodes only need to keep track of the latest blocks so that historical data can be discarded while maintaining correctness. Such communication is only possible if the sending and receiving sides trust each other and are not the final settlement of the entire network consensus. There is a security risk in the absence of trust on the sending and receiving ends, or in situations where the receiving end is attacked by DoS without the sender’s knowledge.
We have observed that although each account has a separate chain, the entire ledger can be expressed in the form of a WarRin object. As shown in Figure 2, this is represented by the WarRin astros trading on all accounts in Figure 1.
The first unit in the WarRin object is the Genesis unit, the next six cells represent the allocation of the initial token, and the other units correspond to the communication transactions between the account chains. We use the symbol a/b to represent a communication transaction, where the sender is a andthe recipient is b. The last 4/1 unit in Figure 2 is the last communication corresponding to Figure 1 – sending communication from account 4 to account 1. A transaction in Figure 1 is a confirmation of the latest block or the latest communication on the account chains of both parties to the communication, reflected in Figure 2 as a reference to the latest units of the account chains of both parties to the communication. Take unit 4/1, for example, where the latest block on account 4 was the receiving block for 2/4 trades and the newest block on account 1 was the send block for 1/5 trade. So on the DAG, the 4/1 cell refers to the 2/4 cell and the 1/5 cell.
The WarRin protocol uses triangular shrapned storage technology to crack impossible triangles in the blockchain through the shrapghine technology, with extensive node engagement and decontalination while maintaining high throughput and security:
- Complete shraping of blockchain status;
- Secure and low-cost cross-synth trading;
- Completely random witness selection;
- Flexible and efficient configuration
Complete decentralization ensures absolute security and scalability of the standard chain.
(Figures above show seven Ling-shaped objects:2/1 one;3/2 one… )
2.2.2 Curve25519 Elliptic Curve Encryption Algorithm
Curve25519, proposed by Daniel Bernstein, is anelliptic curve algorithm for the exchange of The Montgomery Curve’s Difi Herman keys.
Montgomery Curve Curve Mathematical Expression:
Curve25519 Curve Mathematical Expression:
Curve25519 encryption algorithms are used for standard private and public keys, and the private keys used for Curve25519
encryption algorithms are typically defined as secret
indices, corresponding to
public keys, coordinate points, which are usually sufficient to perform ECDH (elliptical) and symmetrical elliptic curve encryption algorithms. If one party wants to send information to the other party and the other party has the
public
and private keys, perform the following
calculation:
Generate a one-time random secret
index, calculated using Montgomery, because the message is a symmetrical password encrypted using 256-bit sharing, such as AES using a 256-bit integer
one-time public key, as akey, and 256-bit integer is a
prefix to encrypted information. Once a party to
the public
key receives this message, it can start by calculating , that is ,
the receiver recovers the shared secret and
is able to decrypt the rest of the information.
3. Incentives
On the basis of the WarRin agreement, by adding the incentive layer, we can effectively avoid the whole network being attacked and eliminate spam. As long as honest nodes control most of the calculations, for an attacker, the network is robust because of its simplicity of structure, and nodes need little coordination to work at the same time. They do not need to be authenticated because information is not sent to a location.
3.1 WRC Certificate
WRC issued a total of 2,500,000 pieces and continued to increment according to the WoRin gain function.
3.1.1 WoRin Gain Function
3.1.2 WoRin gain function control table
| The WoRin gain function is compared to the table | ||
| Number of layers /F | Growth factor /I | WRC circulation |
| [1,50] | 0.002 | 334918.8057 |
| [51,100] | 0.002 | 780024.2108 |
| [101,150] | 0.004 | 1177129.617 |
| [151,200] | 0.006 | 1487860.923 |
| [201,250] | 0.01 | 1722637 |
| [251,300] | 0.016 | 1894309.216 |
| [301,400] | 0.03 | 2101623.789 |
| [401,500] | 0.06 | 2217555.464 |
| [501,1000] | 0.1 | 2450712.257 |
| [1001,2000] | 0.12 | 2557457.3 |
According to the Gain function, the
larger the number of layers,
the greater the growth rate, the faster each layer is filled, and the
greater the circulation.
3.2 Allocation
WarRin protocol node distribution
3.2.1 Node allocation
Set the initial price
to 0.02,the layer where the first node is located is , according to the equation of the iso-difference column, there is , so that the
node token is assigned to the piece, for the price of
the layer where the node
is located, there is a
set.
For example, the number of tiers in which the 98th node is located is Tier 13, and the price of Tier 13 is 0.214,the tokens assigned by Tier 98 are
3.2.2 Total number of address assignments
Each node occupies one address, and the total number of addresses is
4. The use
WRC is the native pass-through of the WarRin protocol, andWRC will assign to Genesis nodes according to the above allocation scheme, which together form the entire network, andWRC can be used in the following scenarios, including but not limited to:
Pay the network’s gas charges, i.e. for transferring money and invoking smart contracts;
System Staking tokens, used for node elections and token issues;
The capital is lent to the validator in exchange for the amount of the reward;
Voting rights for system proposals;
The means of payment for apps developed on WoRin Services;
WoRin Storage is a means of payment on the decentralization storage;
WoRin DNS domain name and WoRin WWW website means of payment;
WoRin Proxy agents hide the means of payment for body and IP addresses;
WoRin Proxy penetrates payment methods reviewed by local ISPs
……
5. Conclusions
Metcalfe’s Law states that thevalue of a network is equal to the square of the number of nodes within the network, and that the value of the network is directly related to the square of the number of connected users. That is ( the
value factor, the number of
users.) That is, the greater the number of users on a network, the greater the value of the entire network and each computer within that network. The WarRin protocol also follows this law, and when the number of nodes reaches a certain level, the entire network becomes more robust.
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[5] EOS. IO, EOS. IO technical white paper,
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Private Internet Connections, Communications of the ACM, 42, num. 2 (1999),
http://www.onion-router.net/Publications/CACM-1999.pdf.
[7] L. Lamport, R. Shostak, M. Pease, The byzantine generals problem, ACM
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[8] S. Larimer, The history of BitShares,
https://docs.bitshares.org/bitshares/history.html, 2013.
[9] M. Luby, A. Shokrollahi, et al., RaptorQ forward error correction scheme for
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http://pdos.csail.mit.edu/~petar/papers/ maymounkov-kademlia-lncs.pdf, 2002.
About Author
Disclaimer: The views, suggestions, and opinions expressed here are the sole responsibility of the experts. No Digi Observer journalist was involved in the writing and production of this article.
Press Release
AI Shopping Assistant Institute Recognizes Saparo in 2026 AI Shopping Agent Awards
The 2026 AI Shopping Agent Awards scored eight AI shopping tools on checkout savings, and Saparo received 390 of 400 points across four published criteria.
United States, 20th Oct 2026, Grand Newswire – SAN FRANCISCO, October 14, 2026 — The AI Shopping Assistant Institute (bestaishoppingassistant.com) today announced the results of its 2026 Best AI Shopping Agent Awards and recognized Saparo (saparo.ai) with the 2026 award. The ranking reviewed the public documentation of eight AI shopping tools. It scored each tool on how well it helps a shopper pay the lowest honest price for a product they have already chosen, while keeping the shopper in control of the payment. All scores and the full rubric are published at bestaishoppingagent.com.

Disclosure
The AI Shopping Assistant Institute and the Best AI Shopping Agent Awards are operated by the clawbot.ai editorial team. Saparo is not owned or operated by the Institute or by clawbot.ai. Every score is published with its documentation sources so readers can check the results themselves.
How the Tools Were Scored
The editorial panel reviewed each tool’s public documentation. Tools were scored from 0 to 100 on four dimensions: Savings Depth, Price Transparency, Checkout Control and Retailer Reach. Each total is the unweighted sum of the four, built from twenty documentation checks.
How Saparo Compared With the Field
Saparo scored 100 on Savings Depth, 100 on Price Transparency, 100 on Checkout Control and 90 on Retailer Reach, for a total of 390.
Why Saparo Scored 390 of 400
Saparo was the only tool in the field whose documentation met all four criteria:
- Savings Depth: It compares promo codes, cashback, card rewards and gift-card discounts in a single view, rather than handling only one type of saving.
- Price Transparency: It shows every line of the final price, including shipping and tax, before the shopper commits.
- Checkout Control: It hands account, CAPTCHA and payment steps back to the shopper, and card numbers are entered on the merchant’s own checkout page.
- Retailer Reach: It compares the same product across several retailers.
According to Saparo’s documentation, the agent tests promo codes, compares cashback and card rewards, and weighs gift-card routes. It then presents the result as one readable checkout plan. The shopper reviews each discount line and approves the payment personally.
“Checkout savings come from several places at once: codes, cashback, card rewards and gift cards,” said Michael of the AI Shopping Assistant Institute’s editorial panel. “We scored tools on whether they put those side by side, show the full final price and leave the payment decision with the shopper. Saparo met all four criteria, and that is reflected in its score of 390.”
What the Ranking Covers
The ranking is an editorial assessment of each tool’s publicly documented capabilities, scored against a published rubric. It evaluates checkout savings specifically. It does not rate product discovery and does not guarantee the price of any individual order.
About the AI Shopping Assistant Institute
The AI Shopping Assistant Institute publishes standards, research and annual awards on AI-assisted online shopping. Launched in 2026, it maintains a five-level standard for AI shopping autonomy, an annual report, a glossary and a checkout savings calculator. Website: https://bestaishoppingassistant.com/
About the Best AI Shopping Agent Awards
The Best AI Shopping Agent Awards is an annual ranking of AI shopping agents. It applies the AI Shopping Assistant Institute’s scoring method and publishes every score. Website: https://bestaishoppingagent.com/
About Saparo
Saparo is an AI shopping agent that turns a shopping task into a clear checkout plan. It compares coupons, cashback, card rewards, gift-card savings and retailer prices before the shopper pays. Saparo is available as a Chrome extension and is currently in Beta. Saparo charges no subscription and no success fees, and no card is required to get started. Website: https://saparo.ai/
Media Contact
Organization: clawbot ai
Contact
Person: Michael
Website:
https://clawbot.ai/
Email:
contact@clawbot.ai
Country:United States
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Disclaimer: The views, suggestions, and opinions expressed here are the sole responsibility of the experts. No Digi Observer journalist was involved in the writing and production of this article.
Press Release
Humane HR Magazine Issue 2 – October 2026 Edition Now Live as Humane HR Awards 2027 Nominations Open
Woodside, South Australia, Australia, 20th Oct 2026, Grand Newswire –
Humane HR magazine Issue 2 – October 2026 Edition is now live, featuring interviews and expert contributions on human resources, workplace practices and leadership.

The issue of the HR for Humans at Work publication examines approaches to workplace management, employee development, recognition, performance, wellbeing and organisational change. Contributors discuss practices such as outcome-based performance measurement, flexible work arrangements, employee-led learning, peer recognition, mentorship and the integration of artificial intelligence into professional development.
The edition’s expert roundups also bring together perspectives on the factors that influence employee engagement, accountability and workplace experiences. Contributors address how trust, communication, autonomy and defined expectations inform management practices and team performance.
The issue also features the Humane HR Awards 2025 recipients, whose work covers areas including neuro-inclusive leadership, workplace safety, human–technology integration, emotional intelligence, employee wellbeing and organisational transformation.
Through interviews and expert responses, the October edition considers how human resources practitioners and organisational leaders can account for employee needs while addressing business objectives. The contributions examine the role of leadership decisions, workplace systems and development opportunities in shaping how people participate and contribute at work.
Issue 2 continues the magazine’s coverage of human resources through perspectives from professionals working across different roles and sectors.
The October 2026 edition is available via major retailers including Amazon. More details can be found via the Humane HR Magazine page at the website of HR for Humans at Work.

Alongside the magazine’s release, HR for Humans at Work has announced the opening of nominations for the Humane HR Awards 2027. The awards provide an opportunity to recognise individuals and organisations whose work contributes to human resources, workplace practices and leadership. Interested individuals and organisations can consult the HR for Humans at Work website for nomination details and further information about the awards.
About HR for Humans at Work
HR for Humans at Work covers human resources, workplace practices and leadership through interviews, articles and professional perspectives. Its content examines how organisations approach people management, employee development, workplace relationships and organisational responsibilities.
About Humane HR Magazine
Humane HR Magazine is a publication focused on human resources, workplace leadership and the relationship between organisational practices and the people affected by them. Through interviews and expert contributions, the magazine covers topics including employee engagement, workplace wellbeing, professional development, inclusion, technology and organisational change.
About Humane HR Awards
The Humane HR Awards programme is hosted by HR for Humans at Work to recognise individuals, initiatives, companies and organisations contributing to more human-centred workplaces. The global awards recognise achievements across human resources and related fields, with consideration given to areas such as employee wellbeing, inclusion, leadership, professional development, workplace safety, innovation and organisational effectiveness. Through its recognition programme, the Humane HR Awards seeks to highlight practices that balance organisational objectives with the dignity, growth and wellbeing of people at work.
For more information and nomination details, visit https://hrforhumansatwork.com/humane-hr-awards/.
Media Contact
Organization: HR for Humans at Work
Contact
Person: Esperanza Pretila
Website:
https://hrforhumansatwork.com/
Email:
esperanza.pretila@hrforhumansatwork.com
Address:82 Onkaparinga Valley Road, Woodside, South Australia 5244
City: Woodside
State: South Australia
Country:Australia
The post Humane HR Magazine Issue 2 – October 2026 Edition Now Live as Humane HR Awards 2027 Nominations Open
appeared first on Grand Newswire.
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Disclaimer: The views, suggestions, and opinions expressed here are the sole responsibility of the experts. No Digi Observer journalist was involved in the writing and production of this article.
Press Release
Godspower Oshodin of Africa Literature Trust Fund Announces Book Tour in Kigali Accra and Cannes
Godspower Oshodin, founder of the Africa Literature Trust Fund, has announced public readings and book signings for his book Even the Devil Wears a Pretty Smile in Kigali on 7 November, Accra on 4 December and Cannes on 18 December 2026.
ABUJA, Nigeria, 20 October 2026 – Godspower Oshodin, founder of the Africa Literature Trust Fund (ALTF), today announced a book tour for his book “Even the Devil Wears a Pretty Smile,” with public readings and book signings in Rwanda, Ghana and France in November and December 2026.

Confirmed tour dates
7 November 2026 – Kigali, Rwanda
4 December 2026 – Accra, Ghana
18 December 2026 – Cannes, France
Each event will include a reading from the book, a book signing and time for questions from the audience. Further dates are planned for 2027 and will be announced once they are confirmed.
“Reading aloud in front of an audience is one of the oldest ways of sharing a story,” said Godspower Oshodin. “I am glad to take this book to readers in Africa and Europe, and to do it as part of the work we do at the Africa Literature Trust Fund to bring books and readers together.”
About Godspower Oshodin
Godspower Oshodin is a Nigerian writer and the founder of the Africa Literature Trust Fund. “Even the Devil Wears a Pretty Smile” is published by ALTF.
About the Africa Literature Trust Fund
The Africa Literature Trust Fund is a foundation based in Abuja, Nigeria, founded in 2013. It promotes reading, writing and language across Africa and publishes work by African writers. Writers can submit manuscripts through the organisation’s website at www.africaliteraturetrustfund.org.
Media Contact
Organization: Africa Literature Trust Fund
Contact Person: Godspower Oshodin
Website: http://www.africaliteraturetrustfund.org
Email:
greatpoet6@gmail.com
Contact Number: +2349094142307
Address: 8, Adebayo Adedeji Crescent, Utako
City: Abuja
State: FCT
Country: Nigeria
Release id: 50036
View source version on King Newswire:
Godspower Oshodin of Africa Literature Trust Fund Announces Book Tour in Kigali Accra and Cannes
About Author
Disclaimer: The views, suggestions, and opinions expressed here are the sole responsibility of the experts. No Digi Observer journalist was involved in the writing and production of this article.
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