Connect with us

Press Release

WarRin Protocol: A point-to-point anonymous privacy communication system

Published

on

Dr.WarRin

www.bitcointalk.org

Summary

This white paper provides an explanation of the WarRin protocol and related blockchain, point-to-point, network value, transport protocol, and encryption algorithms. The limited space will highlight the WRC allocation scheme and purpose of the WarRin Protocol Token, which is important for achieving the WRC’s stated objectives.  This white paper is for informational purposes only and is not a promise of final implementation details. Some details may change during the development and testing phases. 

1.  Introduction

Traditional centralized communication systems such as WeChat,WhatsApp, FacebookMessage,Google  Allo,Skype face a range of problems, including government surveillance, privacy breaches, and inadequate security, and the WarRin protocol proposes apoint-to-pointencrypted communications system that leveragesblockchain technology, combined  with Double Ratc het algorithms, pre-keys, and extended X3DH handshakes. The WarRin Protocol uses The Generalized Directional Acyclic Graph  and Curve25519,AES-256,  and HMAC-SHA256  as the pronamor, allowing each account to have its own unique account chain, providing unlimited instant communication between points and unlimited scalability, anonymity, integrity, consistency, and asynchronousness. 

2. WarRin Protocol communication system

2.1 Two types of communication

The Waring Protocol communication system divides chat channels into two types.

Image

Two modes of communication

  • General Chat mode: Using point-to-point encrypted communication, the service side has access to the key and can log in via multiple devices. 
  • Secret Chat mode: Encrypted communication using point-to-point can only be accessed through two specific devices. 

The design combines some of the advantages of raiBlocks    multi-chain construction with IOTA/Byteball  DAG, which we call the Waring protocol. With improvements, we have given the WarRin protocol greater throughput and faster processing power while ensuring the security of the ledger, and network nodes can store the ledger in less space and search their communications accounts quickly in the ledger.  When two users communicate, third parties contain content that neither manager can access. When a user is chatting in secret, the message contains multimedia that can be designated as a self-destruct message, and when the message is read by the user, the message is automatically destroyed within the specified time. Once the message expires, it disappears on the user’s device. 

2.2 How chat history is encrypted

2.2.1 MTProto  Transport Protocol

Image

MTProto transport protocol

The WarRin communication system draws on RaiBlocks’ multi-chain structure for point-to-point communication. Each account has its own chain that records the sending and receiving behavior of the account. For example, in Figure 1,   there are 7  accounts, each with 7 chain records of the account sending and receiving communications. On the graph, horizontal coordinates represent the timeline, and portrait coordinates represent the index of the account. 

Transferring information from one account to another requires two transactions: one to send a communication from the sender’s transfer content, and one to receive information to add that content to the content of the receiving account. Whether in a send-side account or a receiving account, a PoW proof of work with the previous communication content Hash is required to add new communications to the account.  In the account chain, poWwork proves to be an anti-spam communication tool that can be done in seconds. In a single account chain, the Hash field of the previous block is known to pre-generate the PoW required for subsequent blocks. Therefore, as long as the time between the two communications is greater than the time required to generate the PoW, the user’s transaction will be completed instantaneously. 

In such a design, only the receiving end of the communication is required for settlement. The receiving end places the received communication signature on the account chain, which is called accepted communication. Once accepted, the receiving end then broadcasts the communication to the ledger of the other nodes. However, there may be situations where the receiving end is not online or is subject to a DoS   attack, which prevents the receiving end from putting the receiving side communication on the account chain, which we call uncommoted transactions. The X symbol in Figure 1 represents an open transaction sent from Account 2 to Account 5.  

Image

Obviously, because only the sending and receiving sides of the communication are required to settle, such communication is very lightweight, all traffic can be transmitted in a UDP package and processed very quickly. At the same time, all communications in an account are kept in one chain, with great integrity, and the ledger can be trimmed to a minimum. Some nodes are not interested in spending resources to store the full communication history of the account;   They are only interested in the current communications for each account. When an account communicates, its accumulated information is encoded, and these nodes only need to keep track of the latest blocks so that historical data can be discarded while maintaining correctness. Such communication is only possible if the sending and receiving sides trust each other and are not the final settlement of the entire network consensus. There is a security risk in the absence of trust on the sending and receiving ends, or in situations where the receiving end is attacked by DoS without the sender’s knowledge. 

We have observed that although each account has a separate chain, the entire ledger can be expressed in the form of a WarRin object. As shown in Figure 2, this is represented by the WarRin astros trading on all accounts in Figure 1.  

Image

The first unit in the WarRin object is the Genesis unit, the next six cells represent the allocation of the initial token, and the other units correspond to the communication transactions between the account chains. We use the symbol a/b to represent a communication transaction, where the sender is a andthe recipient is b. The last  4/1 unit in Figure 2 is the last communication corresponding to Figure 1  – sending communication from account 4 to account 1. A transaction in Figure 1 is a confirmation of the latest block or the latest communication on the account chains of both parties to the communication, reflected in Figure 2 as a reference to the latest units of the account chains of both parties to the communication. Take unit 4/1, for example, where the latest  block on account 4 was the receiving block for 2/4  trades and the newest block on  account 1 was the send block for 1/5 trade. So on the DAG, the 4/1 cell refers to the 2/4 cell and the 1/5 cell. 

The WarRin protocol uses triangular shrapned storage technology to crack impossible triangles in the blockchain through the shrapghine technology, with extensive node engagement and decontalination  while maintaining high throughput and security:

  • Complete shraping of blockchain status;
  • Secure and low-cost cross-synth trading;
  • Completely random witness selection;
  • Flexible and efficient configuration

Complete decentralization ensures absolute security and scalability of the standard chain.

(Figures   above show seven Ling-shaped objects:2/1 one;3/2  one… )

2.2.2 Curve25519 Elliptic Curve Encryption Algorithm

Curve25519,  proposed by Daniel Bernstein, is anelliptic  curve algorithm for the exchange of The Montgomery Curve’s Difi Herman keys. 

Montgomery Curve Curve Mathematical Expression: 图片图片

Curve25519 Curve Mathematical Expression:图片

Curve25519  encryption     algorithms are    图片 used for standard private and public keys, and the private keys used for Curve25519  图片 encryption algorithms are typically defined as secret 图片 indices, corresponding to 图片public  keys, coordinate points, which are usually sufficient to perform ECDH (elliptical) and symmetrical  elliptic curve encryption algorithms. If one party wants to send information to the other party and the other party has the 图片 public 图片and private keys, perform the following 图片calculation:

Generate a one-time random secret 图片图片   图片 index, calculated using Montgomery, because the message is a symmetrical password encrypted using 256-bit  sharing, such as AES  using a 256-bit integer 图片 one-time public key,  as akey, and 256-bit integer is a 图片prefix to encrypted information. Once a party to   图片图片图片the public 图片key receives this message, it can start by calculating , that is ,图片the receiver recovers the shared secret and 图片is able to decrypt the rest of the information. 

3. Incentives

On the basis of the WarRin agreement, by adding the incentive layer, we can effectively avoid the whole network being attacked and eliminate spam. As long as honest nodes control most of the calculations, for an attacker, the network is robust because of its simplicity of structure, and nodes need little coordination to work at the same time. They do not need to be authenticated because information is not sent to a location. 

3.1 WRC Certificate

WRC issued a total of 2,500,000 pieces and continued to increment according to the WoRin gain function. 

3.1.1 WoRin Gain Function

Image
Image

3.1.2 WoRin gain function control table

The WoRin gain function is compared to the table
Number of layers /F Growth factor /I WRC circulation
[1,50] 0.002 334918.8057
[51,100] 0.002 780024.2108
[101,150] 0.004 1177129.617
[151,200] 0.006 1487860.923
[201,250] 0.01 1722637
[251,300] 0.016 1894309.216
[301,400] 0.03 2101623.789
[401,500] 0.06 2217555.464
[501,1000] 0.1 2450712.257
[1001,2000] 0.12 2557457.3

According 图片to the Gain function, the 图片larger the number of layers, 图片the greater the growth rate, the faster each layer is filled, and the 图片greater the circulation. 

3.2 Allocation

Image

WarRin protocol node distribution

3.2.1 Node allocation

Set the initial price  图片  图片图片to 0.02,the layer where the first node is located is , according to the equation of the iso-difference column, there is , so that the 图片node token is assigned to the piece, for the price of 图片 the layer where the node 图片is located, there is a 图片图片set. 

For example, the number of tiers in which the  98th  node is located is Tier 13,  and the price of Tier 13 is 0.214,the tokens assigned by Tier 98 are 图片

3.2.2 Total number of address assignments

Each node occupies one address, and the total number of 图片addresses is

4. The use

WRC is the native pass-through of the WarRin protocol, andWRC will assign to Genesis nodes according to the above allocation scheme, which together form the entire network, andWRC can be used in the following scenarios, including but not limited to:

Pay the network’s gas charges, i.e. for transferring money and invoking smart contracts;

System Staking tokens, used for node elections and token issues;

The capital is lent to the validator in exchange for the amount of the reward;

Voting rights for system proposals;

The means of payment for apps developed  on WoRin Services;

WoRin Storage is a means of payment on the decentralization storage;

WoRin DNS domain name and WoRin  WWW website means of payment;

WoRin Proxy agents hide the means of payment for body and IP addresses;

WoRin Proxy penetrates payment methods reviewed by local ISPs

……

5. Conclusions

Metcalfe’s Law states that thevalue of a network is equal to the square of the number of nodes within the network, and that the value of the network is directly related to the square of the number of connected users. That is 图片( the 图片value factor, the number of 图片users.)  That is, the greater the number of users on a network, the greater the value of the entire network and each computer within that network. The WarRin protocol also follows this law, and when the number of nodes reaches a certain level, the entire network becomes more robust. 

References

[1] K. Birman, Reliable Distributed Systems: Technologies, Web Services and

Applications, Springer, 2005.

[2] V. Buterin, Ethereum: A next-generation smart contract and de- centralized

application platform, https://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki/White-Paper,  2013.

[3] M. Ben-Or, B. Kelmer, T. Rabin, Asynchronous secure  computa-  tions  with

optimal resilience, in Proceedings of the thirteenth annual ACM symposium on

Principles of distributed computing, p. 183–192. ACM, 1994.

[4] M. Castro, B. Liskov, et al., Practical byzantine fault tolerance, Proceedings of the

Third Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (1999), p. 173–

186, available at http://pmg.csail.mit.edu/papers/osdi99.pdf.

[5] EOS. IO, EOS. IO technical white paper,

https://github.com/EOSIO/Documentation/blob/master/TechnicalWhitePaper.md,

2017.

[6] D. Goldschlag, M. Reed, P. Syverson, Onion Routing for  Anony-  mous  and

Private Internet Connections, Communications of the ACM, 42, num. 2 (1999),

http://www.onion-router.net/Publications/CACM-1999.pdf.

[7] L. Lamport, R. Shostak, M. Pease, The byzantine  generals  problem, ACM

Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems, 4/3 (1982), p. 382–401.

[8] S. Larimer, The history of BitShares,

https://docs.bitshares.org/bitshares/history.html, 2013.

[9] M. Luby, A. Shokrollahi, et al.,  RaptorQ  forward error correction scheme for

object delivery, IETF RFC 6330, https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6330,  2011.

[10] P. Maymounkov, D. Mazières,  Kademlia: A peer-to-peer  infor-  mation  system

based on the XOR metric, in IPTPS ’01 revised pa- pers from the First International

Workshop on Peer-to-Peer Systems, p. 53–65, available at

http://pdos.csail.mit.edu/~petar/papers/ maymounkov-kademlia-lncs.pdf, 2002.

About Author

Disclaimer: The views, suggestions, and opinions expressed here are the sole responsibility of the experts. No Digi Observer journalist was involved in the writing and production of this article.

Continue Reading

Press Release

Ernesto Morales Speaks Out on the Future of Community Engagement

Published

on

California, US, 2nd April 2025, ZEX PR WIRE, Ernesto Morales, CEO of North Star Alliances, has been recognized in a recent industry article exploring the evolving landscape of community engagement and how businesses can adapt to stay ahead. The feature highlights the growing importance of authentic corporate-community relationships and the strategies companies can use to create meaningful impact.

Morales, a seasoned leader in strategic partnerships and community outreach, shared insights on how businesses can foster long-term connections with the communities they serve. He emphasized the need for organizations to move beyond traditional corporate social responsibility models and embrace engagement strategies that prioritize transparency, collaboration, and measurable impact.

“Companies that engage with purpose don’t just build stronger brands—they build stronger communities,” Morales stated in the article, reinforcing his belief that businesses must align their success with positive social change.

The feature delves into emerging trends in community engagement, including the role of technology, employee-driven initiatives, and sustainable partnerships. Morales’ contributions to the discussion reflect his experience leading North Star Alliances, a firm that has managed over 1,500 projects for major organizations such as The White House, Google, and Coca-Cola.

With community expectations shifting and businesses facing increasing pressure to act as responsible corporate citizens, the article serves as a timely resource for leaders looking to navigate this evolving space. Morales’ insights provide a roadmap for companies seeking to build genuine, lasting relationships with the people they serve.

To read the full piece, visit the website here

About North Star Alliances

North Star Alliances is a strategic advisory firm specializing in community engagement, outreach, and partnership development. With a track record of over 1,500 successful projects, the firm helps businesses, government agencies, and organizations create meaningful connections with the communities they serve. By aligning corporate goals with social impact initiatives, North Star Alliances drives sustainable solutions that foster trust, collaboration, and long-term success.

About Author

Disclaimer: The views, suggestions, and opinions expressed here are the sole responsibility of the experts. No Digi Observer journalist was involved in the writing and production of this article.

Continue Reading

Press Release

Costa Bella Realty Group Sets the Standard for Real Estate Excellence in Hollywood, FL

Published

on

United States, 2nd Apr 2025 – Navigating the dynamic South Florida real estate market requires a knowledgeable and experienced professional. Costa Bella Realty Group, under the leadership of Broker Lonna Spitaleri, has established itself as a premier real estate firm committed to delivering exceptional service to buyers, sellers, and investors in Hollywood, FL, and beyond. Whether you are looking to purchase your dream home, sell your property quickly, or explore lucrative commercial real estate opportunities, Costa Bella Realty Group offers expert guidance every step of the way.

Why Choose Costa Bella Realty Group?

As one of the most reputable real estate firms in Hollywood, FL, Costa Bella Realty Group prides itself on a client-focused approach, market expertise, and outstanding results. Broker Lonna Spitaleri and her team bring years of industry experience, ensuring that each transaction is handled with professionalism, efficiency, and integrity.

“We understand that real estate decisions are among the most significant financial choices our clients will make,” said Broker Lonna Spitaleri. “Our mission is to provide personalized service, market insights, and expert negotiation strategies to create seamless and successful transactions.”

Comprehensive Real Estate Services

Costa Bella Realty Group offers a wide range of real estate services, including:

  • Buying a Home: Assisting clients in finding properties that align with their needs and preferences, whether they are first-time homebuyers or seasoned investors.
  • Selling a Property Quickly: Utilizing innovative marketing strategies and an extensive network to ensure properties sell for top dollar in record time.
  • Listing Services: Offering professional pricing analysis, staging consultations, and strategic marketing to maximize property exposure.
  • Home Valuation: Providing in-depth market assessments to help sellers determine the true value of their homes.
  • Commercial Real Estate: Helping clients identify high-potential investment properties in Hollywood, FL, and the broader South Florida region.
  • Advanced Property Search Tools: Giving clients access to MLS listings, map-based searches, and open house alerts.

Expertise in the Hollywood, FL, Real Estate Market

Hollywood, FL, is one of South Florida’s most desirable real estate markets, known for its picturesque beaches, vibrant neighborhoods, and strong investment potential. Costa Bella Realty Group specializes in connecting clients with premium real estate opportunities, from luxurious waterfront homes to thriving commercial properties.

“Our deep knowledge of Hollywood’s real estate market enables us to match buyers with ideal properties and assist sellers in obtaining the highest possible value,” said Spitaleri. “We strive to make every real estate journey smooth, stress-free, and successful.”

Why Clients Trust Costa Bella Realty Group

Costa Bella Realty Group has earned a stellar reputation through its dedication to excellence and client satisfaction. Here’s what sets them apart:

  • Local Market Expertise: A deep understanding of Hollywood, FL, and South Florida’s real estate trends.
  • Cutting-Edge Marketing Strategies: Leveraging both digital and traditional marketing to showcase properties effectively.
  • Personalized Client Service: Tailoring solutions to meet the unique needs of each client.
  • Strong Negotiation Skills: Ensuring the best outcomes for buyers and sellers alike.

Contact Costa Bella Realty Group

For expert real estate services in Hollywood, FL, trust Costa Bella Realty Group and Broker Lonna Spitaleri to deliver exceptional results. Whether you are buying, selling, or investing, their knowledgeable team is ready to assist you.

For more information, visit https://costabellarealtygroup.com/ or Google Map .

About Costa Bella Realty Group

Costa Bella Realty Group, led by Broker Lonna Spitaleri, is a full-service real estate firm dedicated to helping clients achieve their property goals in Hollywood, FL, and surrounding areas. With a commitment to professionalism, integrity, and outstanding customer service, the firm specializes in residential and commercial real estate transactions. By utilizing innovative marketing techniques and an in-depth understanding of the local market, Costa Bella Realty Group continues to set the standard for real estate excellence in South Florida.

Media Contact

Organization: Costa Bella Realty Group

Contact Person: Broker Lonna Spitaleri

Website: https://costabellarealtygroup.com/

Email: Send Email

Contact Number: +19549212800

Country:United States

Release id:25920

View source version on King Newswire:
Costa Bella Realty Group Sets the Standard for Real Estate Excellence in Hollywood, FL

It is provided by a third-party content provider. King Newswire makes no warranties or representations in connection with it.

file

About Author

Disclaimer: The views, suggestions, and opinions expressed here are the sole responsibility of the experts. No Digi Observer journalist was involved in the writing and production of this article.

Continue Reading

Press Release

TutorLudi Enhances Online Learning with Innovative and Engaging Educational Solutions

Published

on

TutorLudi Enhances Online Learning with Innovative and Engaging Educational Solutions

London, United Kingdom, 2nd Apr 2025 – TutorLudi, an innovative online learning platform, is redefining education by making it more engaging, interactive, and accessible. With a diverse range of subjects and expert tutors from around the world, TutorLudi is designed to spark curiosity and create an enjoyable learning experience for students of all ages.

A New Era of Online Education

TutorLudi offers a unique approach to e-learning, combining high-quality instruction with an entertaining and interactive environment. Students can master complex subjects while enjoying the learning process, making education less stressful and more enjoyable.

With an extensive selection of courses in Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics (STEM), Personal Development, Art Therapy, Kiddies Tutoring, Wellness & Therapy, Communication, Cooking, and more, TutorLudi caters to diverse learning needs. Whether you’re preparing for exams, exploring creative arts, or improving communication skills, there’s a course for everyone.

Key Features and Benefits

  • Verified Tutors – Students can connect with top-rated, verified tutors who are passionate about teaching. Tutors are carefully vetted to ensure a safe and high-quality learning experience.
  • Flexible Learning – Enjoy the freedom of learning from anywhere at any time. TutorLudi’s platform allows students to schedule lessons that fit their lifestyles.
  • Personalized Learning Experience – With one-on-one sessions and group classes, students receive customized instruction tailored to their learning styles and goals.
  • Wide Range of Courses – From academic subjects to personal development and creative arts, TutorLudi offers a diverse selection of learning opportunities.
  • Secure and Easy-to-Use Platform – Designed with user experience in mind, the TutorLudi platform is intuitive and secure, ensuring seamless navigation for both tutors and students.

New Updates and Achievements

TutorLudi continues to expand its offerings, introducing new group classes and specialized courses to meet the growing demand for online education. The platform has already attracted thousands of learners and tutors worldwide, making it a trusted name in e-learning.

Recent developments include:

  • Introduction of Group Classes – Students can now participate in interactive group sessions, allowing them to engage with peers and learn collaboratively.
  • Enhanced Tutor Verification Process – A more rigorous screening system ensures that students learn from qualified and experienced educators.
  • Improved User Interface – The updated platform provides a smoother experience, making it easier for students to find the perfect tutor and book lessons seamlessly.

What Students Are Saying

Many students have already benefited from TutorLudi’s engaging approach to education.

“TutorLudi has transformed the way I learn. The tutors are amazing, and the lessons are fun and interactive. I never thought learning could be this enjoyable!”

“I love the flexibility of TutorLudi. I can take lessons whenever it suits me, and my tutor is always supportive and encouraging.”

Become a Tutor with TutorLudi

TutorLudi is not just a platform for students—it’s also an excellent opportunity for educators. Expert tutors can earn money by sharing their knowledge, connecting with students worldwide, and making a real impact in their fields. The platform provides all the necessary tools to help tutors succeed, from seamless lesson scheduling to secure payment processing.

Join the Future of Learning Today

TutorLudi invites students and tutors alike to experience the next evolution in education. Whether you’re looking to learn a new skill, improve your academic performance, or become a tutor, TutorLudi is your go-to platform.

Sign up today and start your learning journey at www.tutorludi.com.

For media inquiries, please contact:

Nancy
support@tutorludi.com
London, United Kingdom

Media Contact

Organization: Tutorludi

Contact Person: Nancy

Website: http://www.tutorludi.com/

Email: Send Email

City: London

Country:United Kingdom

Release id:25921

View source version on King Newswire:
TutorLudi Enhances Online Learning with Innovative and Engaging Educational Solutions

It is provided by a third-party content provider. King Newswire makes no warranties or representations in connection with it.

file

About Author

Disclaimer: The views, suggestions, and opinions expressed here are the sole responsibility of the experts. No Digi Observer journalist was involved in the writing and production of this article.

Continue Reading

LATEST POST